Alt text exists first for the buyer who cannot see your photos, and second for the search engines that are trying to understand them. Get the order right and both audiences benefit.
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Why Blank or Stuffed Alt Text Doesn’t Work
- What Alt Text Actually Does
- Step-by-Step: Writing Alt Text That Works
- Common Mistakes
- Tools & Resources
- Real Example
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Key Takeaways
- The Bottom Line
Introduction
Most marketplace sellers either skip the alt text field entirely or fill it with the same string of keywords copied across every photo in a listing. Both habits leave money on the table: a blind or low-vision shopper gets no useful description of the product, and the listing misses a chance to surface in Google Image search or an AI answer that pulls from image metadata.
This guide walks through what alt text is actually for, a step-by-step method for writing it on Etsy, eBay, Amazon, and Shopify, and the specific mistakes that waste the field instead of using it. By the end, you will have a repeatable process you can apply to every new listing in a few extra minutes.
Why Blank or Stuffed Alt Text Doesn’t Work
Most sellers treat alt text as an afterthought, if they touch it at all.
The two most common habits are leaving it blank and pasting in a block of keywords like “handmade earrings boho jewelry gift for her statement earrings lightweight.” Neither one does what a seller hopes.
A blank field describes nothing to a screen reader user, so that shopper has no idea what the photo shows beyond a generic “image” announcement. A keyword-stuffed field reads as gibberish to the same screen reader user, and Google’s own image SEO documentation specifically warns that keyword stuffing in alt text can hurt the user experience and risks the page being treated as spam.
Alt text works best when it is written for the person who needs it first. The search benefit follows from that, not the other way around.
What Alt Text Actually Does
Alt text is a short written description attached to an image, read aloud by screen readers and displayed when an image fails to load. On a marketplace listing, it sits in a field separate from your title and description, usually attached to each individual photo.
Alt text has two jobs, and they’re not equal: accessibility comes first, search visibility is a secondary benefit.
For a shopper using a screen reader, alt text is the only way to know what a product photo shows. Without it, a listing with eight photos communicates nothing about the actual item to that shopper. The W3C Web Accessibility Initiative’s alt text decision tree is the standard reference for deciding what kind of description a given image needs, and it treats every image as either informative, decorative, or functional, each with a different approach.
For search engines, alt text is one signal among many that helps an algorithm understand what an image contains, alongside the surrounding page text and the image file itself. Google pairs alt text with computer vision and page content to figure out the subject of an image, which is why a vague or missing description makes it harder for that image to surface in Google Image search or in an AI-generated answer that cites product photos.
Etsy’s own help center confirms the accessibility purpose directly: it describes alt text as a way to “provide an image description to buyers who can’t see what you’re showing in your listing images,” and notes that search engines outside Etsy can read that text too. Etsy does not publish a claim that alt text directly feeds its own internal search ranking algorithm, so treat any outside guide promising an Etsy search boost from alt text alone with some skepticism. Write it for the shopper, and let any search benefit be a bonus.
The practical upshot: write alt text the way you’d describe the photo out loud to someone on the phone who can’t see it.
Step-by-Step: Writing Alt Text That Works
Here’s how to approach every photo on a listing.
Step 1: Decide what the image needs to communicate
What: Before writing anything, ask what a shopper would want to know about this specific photo if they couldn’t see it.
Why: Different photos on the same listing serve different purposes. A front-facing product shot needs to describe the item itself. A scale photo (the item next to a hand or a coin) needs to communicate size. A detail shot of stitching or texture needs to describe that texture specifically.
How: Look at each photo and write down the one or two facts it’s actually showing, separate from the others in the set.
Example: A seller listing a ceramic mug has four photos: the mug alone, the mug in a hand for scale, a close-up of the glaze pattern, and the mug next to a coffee pot as a styled shot. Each needs a different description, not the same sentence repeated four times.
Step 2: Describe what’s visible, not what you hope it implies
What: Write a literal, concrete description of the image. Save marketing language for your title and description fields.
Why: A screen reader user needs to know what’s in the photo, not how the seller feels about it. “Beautiful handmade mug” tells a shopper nothing about the actual object. “Speckled white ceramic mug with a natural wood handle” does.
How: Name the material, color, shape, and any defining visual feature. Avoid adjectives that don’t describe something visible, like “gorgeous,” “stunning,” or “perfect.”
Example: Instead of “Amazing boho earrings you’ll love,” write “Gold-tone hoop earrings with small turquoise beads, shown against a white background.”
Step 3: Include the product type and one or two specific details, not a keyword list
What: Write a short sentence, not a string of disconnected words.
Why: A natural sentence is readable to a screen reader and is what Google’s own guidance recommends. Stuffing in every keyword variation you can think of (“handmade gift jewelry earrings boho style boho earrings gift for her”) does the opposite of what sellers hope: it hurts readability for the person the field exists for, and it risks looking like spam to search engines.
How: Write one sentence that would make sense read aloud. If you want a second detail in there, add a clause, not a comma-separated keyword dump.
Example: “Hand-knit wool beanie in forest green, folded cuff style” reads naturally and still communicates the product type and two real attributes. “Beanie hat winter hat wool hat gift hat warm hat” does not.
Step 4: Keep it short and specific to each photo
What: Aim for roughly one sentence, generally under 125 characters, and make sure each photo’s alt text is different from the others in the same listing.
Why: Etsy’s own seller guidance suggests keeping descriptions short yet specific, with an upper limit of 250 characters per image, and recommends describing the item’s look, texture, and scale. A long paragraph is harder for a screen reader user to process quickly, and identical alt text repeated across every photo in a listing provides no additional information with each repeat.
How: Write a draft, then cut anything that doesn’t describe something a shopper would actually see in that specific frame.
Example: For a four-photo mug listing, four distinct short descriptions (front view, scale with hand, glaze close-up, styled with coffee pot) beat one long description pasted four times.
Step 5: Apply the same description across your other marketplaces where relevant
What: Once you’ve written solid alt text for a product’s photos on one platform, adapt it (not copy-paste identically) when you list the same photos elsewhere.
Why: If you sell the same handmade item on Etsy, Shopify, and Facebook Marketplace, you likely reuse the same photo set. Each platform’s alt text field works independently, so writing it once per platform, not once total, is often required. Shopify in particular treats image alt text as an on-page SEO element site owners control directly through the product admin.
How: Keep a simple spreadsheet or notes file mapping each photo filename to its alt text, so you’re not rewriting from scratch every time you cross-list.
Example: A seller who cross-lists the same candle photos on Etsy and Shopify keeps one row per photo in a tracking sheet, so updating a product description later doesn’t mean guessing what the alt text said the first time.
Common Mistakes
What separates sellers who get real value from alt text from sellers who waste the field.
Mistake 1: Leaving it blank. An empty alt text field provides zero information to a screen reader user and misses the accessibility purpose the field exists for in the first place.
Mistake 2: Using the same alt text for every photo. If every image in a listing says “handmade silver necklace,” a shopper using a screen reader has no way to know which photo shows the clasp detail versus the length on a model.
Mistake 3: Keyword stuffing instead of describing. A string of disconnected keywords is harder to parse for the person who relies on it and risks a spam signal to search engines, per Google’s own documentation.
Mistake 4: Describing the brand instead of the photo. “Best gift for mom 2026” describes a marketing angle, not what’s visible in the image. Save that language for the listing title and description.
Mistake 5: Copying the product title verbatim into every alt text field. The title already exists elsewhere on the page. Alt text should add information specific to that photo, like angle, scale, or detail, not repeat the same sentence.
Tools & Resources
What you need to put this into practice:
- Your marketplace’s own photo editor: Etsy, eBay, Amazon Seller Central, and Shopify’s product admin all have a dedicated alt text or “image alt” field per photo. No separate software is required. Free.
- A simple spreadsheet or notes app: For tracking which alt text you’ve written per photo filename, especially if you cross-list the same photos on multiple platforms. Free.
- W3C’s alt text decision tree: A short, visual reference for deciding how to describe informative versus decorative versus functional images, linked above. Free.
- Google’s image SEO documentation: The authoritative source on how Google actually uses alt text for image search, linked above. Free.
Real Example
A seller running a small ceramics shop on Etsy had left alt text blank on roughly forty active listings, a habit left over from when the listing was first created. Over one afternoon, the seller went through each listing’s photo set and added one short, specific description per image, following the format in Step 2 above: material, color, and the one detail unique to that photo (a handle close-up, a size-reference shot with a ruler, a styled shot on a shelf).
The change took under ten minutes per listing on average. The seller didn’t track a before-and-after sales number from this change alone, since so many other factors affect marketplace traffic in the same window, and no seller should expect a guaranteed ranking jump from alt text changes by themselves. What did change immediately and verifiably: every photo in every one of those listings now had a real, specific description attached, which is the part of the exercise that directly serves the shopper the field is for.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does alt text directly improve my ranking on Etsy or Amazon?
Neither Etsy nor Amazon publishes documentation confirming that alt text is a direct ranking factor in their own internal search. What’s documented is that alt text helps outside search engines, like Google Image search, understand your photos, and that it serves shoppers who use screen readers. Treat any claim of a guaranteed in-platform ranking boost with caution.
How long should alt text be?
Etsy’s own guidance suggests keeping it short yet specific, with a limit of 250 characters per image. Google has stated it has no fixed length guideline, but in practice a single clear sentence, often under 125 characters, communicates what’s needed without turning into a paragraph.
Do I need different alt text for every photo in a listing?
Yes. Each photo usually shows something different, a different angle, a scale reference, or a close-up detail, and the alt text should reflect that specific content rather than repeating one description across every image.
What if my product photo doesn’t show much detail, like a plain background shot?
Describe what is visible: the product, its color, and its shape, even if the background is plain. “Grey wool scarf laid flat on white background” is a complete, useful description even for a simple shot.
Should I include my shop name or branding in alt text?
No. Alt text should describe the image’s visible content, not serve as a branding or marketing message. Save shop name and brand language for your listing title, description, and shop policies.
Can I use the same alt text across Etsy, Shopify, and other marketplaces?
You can reuse the core description, but each platform’s alt text field is separate, so you need to enter it on each platform individually. Keeping a simple tracking sheet per photo filename saves time when cross-listing.
Does alt text help with accessibility compliance?
Alt text is one part of making a website more accessible to people using screen readers, and it directly addresses the W3C’s guidance on non-text content. It is not, by itself, a full legal accessibility compliance solution, and sellers with specific compliance concerns should consult the W3C’s own accessibility resources or a qualified professional rather than relying on a blog post.
What’s the most common mistake sellers make with alt text?
Leaving the field blank. The second most common is pasting a block of unrelated keywords instead of a real sentence, which Google’s own documentation warns can read as spam.
Will AI shopping tools or AI Overviews use my alt text?
Alt text is one of the signals search and AI systems use to understand what an image shows, alongside the surrounding text on the page. A clear, accurate description gives those systems more to work with than a blank field or a stuffed keyword list, though no platform guarantees a specific citation or ranking outcome from alt text alone.
Do I need to rewrite alt text on my older listings?
It’s worth doing if you have the time, especially on listings that still get regular traffic, but there’s no need to treat it as urgent. Prioritize your best-selling or most-viewed listings first, then work through the rest as time allows.
Is there a tool that writes alt text for me automatically?
Some third-party tools and browser extensions can suggest a description for photos left blank, and some marketplaces have experimented with automated alt text in parts of their platform over time. Treat any auto-generated suggestion as a draft, not a final answer. A seller who actually looks at the photo and writes a specific sentence will almost always produce something more accurate and more useful to the shopper reading it.
Key Takeaways
- Alt text exists first for shoppers using screen readers, and any search benefit is secondary to that purpose.
- Write one specific, natural sentence per photo, not a repeated description and not a keyword list.
- Keep it short, generally under 125 characters, and never longer than the 250-character limit Etsy’s own guidance recommends.
- Describe what’s visible (material, color, shape, scale) rather than marketing language or brand claims.
- No marketplace publishes documentation confirming alt text as a direct internal ranking factor, so avoid guides that promise a guaranteed ranking boost.
- Track your alt text per photo filename if you cross-list the same images on multiple marketplaces.
- A blank alt text field is the single most common and most fixable mistake sellers make with this field.
The Bottom Line
Start with your current best sellers. Open each listing’s photo set and write one short, specific sentence per image, describing what a shopper would actually see if they couldn’t view the photo themselves. Once that habit is in place for new listings, work backward through your older ones as time allows.
Once your photos and their alt text are in shape, See How Etsy’s Search Algorithm Actually Ranks Listings so you know which other fields are worth the same attention.
This article is for general informational purposes and reflects publicly available platform documentation as of the article date. It is not official guidance from Etsy, eBay, Amazon, Shopify, or any other marketplace, and platform features and policies change. Always check the specific marketplace’s current seller help center for the most up-to-date instructions.
Related Articles
- How Etsy Search Ranks Listings (And How to Work With It): how Etsy’s own ranking factors work and which ones you can actually influence.
- How to Use All 13 Etsy Tags Without Repeating Keywords: a related approach to using listing metadata fields without wasting them on duplicates.
- How to Take Product Photos That Sell on Etsy and Poshmark: what to get right in the photo itself before you write the alt text for it.
- 10 Keyword Research Techniques for Etsy and Amazon Sellers: where the keywords in your alt text and titles should actually come from.
- How to Improve Your Amazon Listing’s Search Ranking: other on-listing factors Amazon sellers can control directly.
About This Research
Crafter Story Team is the in-house editorial team at Crafter Story, a publication built for marketplace sellers on Etsy, eBay, Amazon, TikTok Shop, Facebook Marketplace, Poshmark, Depop, and Shopify.
This article is based on a direct review of the official documentation each platform and standards body publishes on image alt text, including Etsy’s own seller help center, Google’s image SEO guidance, and the W3C Web Accessibility Initiative’s alt text decision tree, cross-checked against each source rather than relying on secondhand summaries.
Content reviewed and updated: 2026-10-16